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Monday, May 30, 2011
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Friday, January 28, 2011
Original Website: http://www.wave59.com/
Wave59 RT Build 1.27 Trading Software
Are you tired of trading with 30 year old indicators that nearly every other trader knows about? All the major charting programs provide indicators like the RSI and moving averages, and tens of thousands of other stock and futures traders use these tools. Can such widely known techniques really provide you with a trading edge? Are you really going to be able to win a professional's money using something that even the lowliest floor runner in the S&P futures pit knows about?
Not only that, techniques like SlowK and RSI were designed before the computer age, which means they are like dinosaurs compared to what an algorithm can do today. Would you try to launch a space shuttle using kindergarten math? How about perform brain surgery with a plastic fork? If not, then how can you justify trading with these kinds of outdated tools? To succeed in the cutthroat zero-sum game of day trading you need something more advanced than these simple formulas.
Wave59 RT contains extremely powerful techniques that can give you a real edge when trading the financial markets. From genetic algorithms to composite cycle prediction techniques, this trading software contains some of the most advanced algorithms ever applied to market timing.
Custom-built neural nets,
Geometrical pattern analysis,
and the almost magical
Fibonacci Vortex...
...are only some of the trading tools this program will give you access to. You'll have analysis capabilities that other traders can only dream of, which means better entries, less risk, and bigger profits!
Wave59 RT Build 1.27 Trading Software
Are you tired of trading with 30 year old indicators that nearly every other trader knows about? All the major charting programs provide indicators like the RSI and moving averages, and tens of thousands of other stock and futures traders use these tools. Can such widely known techniques really provide you with a trading edge? Are you really going to be able to win a professional's money using something that even the lowliest floor runner in the S&P futures pit knows about?
Not only that, techniques like SlowK and RSI were designed before the computer age, which means they are like dinosaurs compared to what an algorithm can do today. Would you try to launch a space shuttle using kindergarten math? How about perform brain surgery with a plastic fork? If not, then how can you justify trading with these kinds of outdated tools? To succeed in the cutthroat zero-sum game of day trading you need something more advanced than these simple formulas.
Wave59 RT contains extremely powerful techniques that can give you a real edge when trading the financial markets. From genetic algorithms to composite cycle prediction techniques, this trading software contains some of the most advanced algorithms ever applied to market timing.
Custom-built neural nets,
Geometrical pattern analysis,
and the almost magical
Fibonacci Vortex...
...are only some of the trading tools this program will give you access to. You'll have analysis capabilities that other traders can only dream of, which means better entries, less risk, and bigger profits!
Thursday, January 27, 2011
Thursday, April 3, 2008
2008 Acura RDX
The 2008 Acura RDX is a sharp-looking compact crossover SUV that offers a phenomenal all wheel drive system, an appealing upscale contemporary style interior and a powerful turbocharged engine-all of which present an interesting challenge to the likes of the BMW X3. With its aggressive yet angular appearance, the RDX seats 5 adults and its car based body structure with a fully independent suspension gives this highly functional vehicle the smooth riding experience associated with a luxury sedan.
Standard equipment is generous on the base model RDX and includes 18-inch alloy wheels, super bright xenon headlights, a moon roof, power windows and door locks, heated leather front seats, Bluetooth connectivity, and dual-zone automatic climate control. A seven-speaker audio system with a six-disc CD/MP3 changer, satellite radio, steering-wheel-mounted audio controls and an auxiliary input jack is also part of the standard equipment package. Adding the Technology package to the Base mode RDX nets the new owner a navigation system with real-time traffic information, a rearview parking camera, and a 10-speaker premium surround-sound audio system.
The 2.3 liter 4 cylinder engine delivers 240 horsepower and is combined with a 5 speed automatic transmission with manual shift over ride capabilities. All four wheels receive power through a unique all-wheel-drive system that is very similar to the one found in the Acura RL luxury sedan. Not only does this all wheel drive system distribute torque between the front and rear axles, but it also distributes torque between the right and left wheels to maximize traction and handling. One of the fastest vehicles in its class, the RDX goes from 0 to 60 in just under 7 seconds. However, those looking for tremendous fuel economy and tow ratings may be disappointed with a 2008 EPA estimate of 17 mpg city and 22 mpg highway and a towing capacity of a mere 1,500 pounds.
The appeal of the 2008 Acura RDX lies within its luxurious style and amenities and its sport performance. The powerful engine and all wheel drive system allow for an optimized driving experience on dry as well as snow covered roads, while the view and the ride from the cabin is truly smooth and comfortable and filled with more convenient features than most other cross over vehicles.
The 2008 Acura TSX
The 2008 Acura TSX is a luxury sports sedan with a single trim level and an energetic 4-cylinder i-VTEC engine. The unique feature of the i-VTEC engine is that its valves open for a longer period of time and at a wider aperture above 4500rpm to let in more air. This enhances acceleration and improves fuel economy. Another improvement in the engine's performance comes from Variable Timing Control which, as the name implies, advances or delays the timing to decrease emissions and improve gas mileage.
As an entry-level luxury sedan, most people will be really pleased with the generous list of standard equipment. Relax in the comfort of the TSX's fully adjustable seats, dual zone climate control with air filtration, and steering wheel controls for Bluetooth HandsFreeLink. Voice activation is also available for phone, air conditioning, and navigation.
The interior of the Acura TSX is outfitted with luxurious seating surfaces, eye-appealing textured dashboard and steering wheel, and ambience lighting that is both calming and illuminating at the same time. Storage of gloves, maps, and other necessities is accomplished with clever bins and nooks throughout the cabin. Visibility through the windows and windshield is nearly panoramic with minimal blind spots.
While the 2008 Acura TSX offers all of the performance of a sports sedan, it plays a dual role in that it is also a fuel efficient vehicle, with 19mpg city and 28mpg highway for the models with the manual transmission. Even better fuel efficiency comes for the models with the automatic transmission, in the vicinity of 20mpg city and 28mpg highway.The TSX handles the road skillfully with excellent cornering and respectable acceleration, especially at higher rpms.
For those who are looking for an exciting yet affordable way to enter the luxury sport sedan segment, the 2008 Acura TSX is every bit a contender. There may be luxury sport sedans out there who jump off the starting line a bit faster, but this one gives you loads of standard features and the quality you are looking for in a reliable car.
2008 Acura TL - Review
Very popular in its segment, the 2008 Acura TL is also the most popular Acura out there. It is an economically priced luxury sedan that has it above its European competitors in value, reliability and standard features. Returning to the Acura stable this year is the TL-S, a hopped up, high performance version with a 285hp 3.8L V6 engine sitting on a road-tuned suspension and big brakes. The TL received some styling and performance refreshing this year and is as good-looking as ever.
The exterior design of the TL is accentuated by the bold angular grille, whose lines continue on down the sides of the vehicle in clean, sharp lines. The headlights address the same lines as they flare up and back. The interior is clean and functional with logical placement of all gauges and controls. Tastefully elegant upholstery treatments contrast with a utilitarian Bauhaus feeling. A three-spoke steering wheel is a control center in itself with buttons for audio, navigation and phone inset.
Many owners purchase Acura TL accessories to individualize their sedans. Add the distinctive touch of wood grain or carbon fiber to the console and steering wheel. Imagine the difference a wing spoiler, nose mask or a moonroof visor would make to the outside of your 2008 TL. Nothing adds more style to a car that the look of 17 or 18-inch chrome wheels.
While many people are impressed with the performance of their TL, many more appreciate what Acura puts into the TL for the sake of safety. The Acura TL installs dual-stage dual-threshold airbags for the driver and front passenger, side and curtain airbags, and child-proof door locks. With as much effort Acura puts into building a performance-oriented luxury sedan, there is no reason for them to skimp on safety.
2008 Mazda Mazda3 Hatchback - Review
The 2008 Mazda Mazda3 Hatchback is a compact and stylish 5-door wagon that combines plenty of comfort, driving excitement and luxury features with functionality, fuel efficiency and an economy car price. If your soul yearns for a sports car, but a spacious, fuel efficient and low priced vehicle is necessary to support your lifestyle and driving habits, the Mazda3 Hatchback provides an outstanding compromise with little, if any, sacrifice. With the exception of an increased number of airbags, the Mazda3 Hatchback is unchanged for the 2008 model year.
All versions of the Mazda3 Hatchback are front wheel drive and come with a peppy 156 horsepower 2.3 liter 4 cylinder engine. Acceleration is more than ample for this compact, nimble handling 5 passenger car. EPA ratings are average for its class and fall between 22 and 24 mpg in the city and 29 and 32 mpg on the highway depending upon transmission and trim level.
The Mazda3 Hatchback is available in 3 trims -the's' Sport,'s' Touring and's' Grand Touring. The s Sport comes extremely well equipped and features 16-inch alloy wheels, fog lights, keyless entry, a 60/40 split folding rear seat with center armrest, a tilt/telescopic steering wheel, air-conditioning, cruise control, a premium AM/FM/CD stereo with auxiliary audio jack, a leather wrapped steering wheel with integrated audio system controls, a height adjustable driver seat and power windows, door locks and side view mirrors. The s Touring version replaces the wheels with 17 inch alloys and adds body side sills, while the top of the line s Grand Touring also includes rain sensing wipers, heated leather seats, a trip computer, automatic climate control and automatic xenon headlights. Options include a moon roof, an in-dash CD changer, satellite radio and a navigation system.
The aesthetic appeal of the Mazda3 Hatchback's cabin is achieved with high quality materials and solid craftsmanship. The result is a distinctive, upscale look that is typically associated with much more expensive luxury sport sedans. Controls are user friendly and cleverly positioned and head and leg room are generous in both the front and the back. With the rear seat in the upright position this hatchback offers 17 cubic feet of cargo space, but with the seat folded down an impressive 31 cubic feet becomes instantly available.
Complimenting the interior of the 2008 Mazda Mazda3 Hatchback is an edgy, aerodynamically designed exterior and a performance oriented chassis that provides responsive steering and outstanding traction control. Those in the market for fun to drive compact car with an abundance of creature comforts, a distinctive style, hatchback utility and an economical price need look no further than the 2008 Mazda Mazda3 Hatchback for the best value and combination of interior features on the market.
2008 Mazda Mazda3 Sedan - Review
The 2008 Mazda Mazda3 Sedan offers a near perfect combination of speed and practicality in an inexpensive, stylish 4 passenger sedan. As entertaining to drive as it is visually appealing, the Mazda3 has a relatively low sticker price, is fuel efficient and chock full of standard features. Though the price is slightly higher than some other economy cars, it can be justified by its solid build, functionally designed and comfortable interior and impressive handling. The only changes for the 2008 model year are the addition of front seat side and full length side curtain airbags to the standard equipment list of the 's' trim models.
The compact Mazda3 sedan is available in the i Sport, i Touring, s Sport, s Touring and s Grand Touring trims. All models are front wheel drive and models with the 'i' prefix come standard with a 148 horsepower 2.0 liter 4 cylinder engine, while those with the 's' prefix are equipped with a 2.3 liter 4 cylinder engine that delivers 153 horsepower. Both engines come standard with 5 speed manual transmission., but a 4 speed automatic with manual override is optional for 'i' models, while the 's' models can be equipped with an upgraded a 5-speed automatic with manual override. Gas mileage is admirable, with EPA estimates of 23 mpg in the city and 31 on the highway for the 2.0 liter engine with 4 speed automatic transmission. The 2.3 liter mated to the 5 speed automatic is rated almost as well at 22 mpg in the city and 29 mpg on the highway.
All Mazda3 'i' sedans come standard with a convenient 60/40 split folding rear seat with center armrest and an AM/FM/CD stereo system with an auxiliary audio jack. The i Touring has 16 inch alloy wheels, air-conditioning, cruise control, an upgraded audio system, keyless entry, a height-adjustable driver seat and power windows, door locks and mirrors. Mazda3 's' models come with all of the features found in the 'i' Touring and adds distinctive interior and exterior styling cues including fog lights and a leather-wrapped steering wheel with built in audio system controls. The s Touring upgrades the wheels to 17 inch alloys and adds sporty side molding, while s Grand Touring adds heated leather seats, automatic climate control, xenon headlights, rain-sensing wipers and a trip computer. Additional options include satellite radio, a moon roof, a navigation system and an in-dash CD changer.
Refined yet exceptionally entertaining, the 2008 Mazda Mazda3 Sedan has a chic interior a sharp exterior style that definitely deserves favorable mention. For a small, affordably priced economy car with plenty of acceleration and luxury features, the Mazda3 Sedan is simply hard to beat
2008 Mazda Mazda5 - Review
When Mazda introduced the Mazda5 in 2006, it was introduced as a 'multi-activity' vehicle. Appearing to be a micro version of the traditional 7 passenger minivan, this vehicle's combination of minivan versatility, sport style, sedan ride, and affordable price have resulted in a sensibly sized, fuel efficient vehicle that offers plenty of room for 4 adults, 2 small children and an ample amount of their stuff. The 2008 Mazda Mazda5 lineup receives its first refresh with new front and rear fascias and an improved center control panel with a more user friendly design. In addition, replacing last years 4 speed automatic transmission is a 5 speed automatic that is now part of the standard equipment for both the Touring and Grand Touring trims.
The Mazda 5 is available in Sport, Touring and Grand Touring trim levels. The Sport comes standard with 17 inch alloy wheels, automatic climate control, rear-seat air-conditioning vents and controls, full power accessories, a tilt-telescoping steering wheel with audio controls, cruise control, fold-flat second- and third-row seats, a trip computer, electroluminescent gauges and a six-speaker stereo with CD player and auxiliary audio jack. The Mazda5 Touring adds fog lights, a rear spoiler, a sunroof, a leather-wrapped steering wheel and shift knob, and an in-dash CD changer. The upscale Grand Touring builds upon this impressive foundation and also includes automatic xenon headlights, rain-sensing windshield wipers, heated leather seats, and Bluetooth. All versions are prepared to accept satellite radio and both the Touring and Grand Touring can be equipped with a navigation system.
All Mazda5's receive power to the front wheels via its 153 horsepower, 2.3 liter 4 cylinder engine. The Sport comes with a 5 speed manual transmission, while its optional 5 speed automatic comes standard on the Touring and Grand Touring trims. Although its power to weight ratio is less than favorable, fuel economy is impressive with EPA ratings of 22 mpg in the city and 28 mpg on the highway for Mazda5's equipped with the manual gearbox and achieving 21 mpg in the city and 27 mpg on the highway with the automatic transmission.
The European admiration for vehicles with both sporty handling and compact dimensions is apparent in the Mazda5, which suits the needs of most families very well without compromising fuel efficiency while offering a thoroughly enjoyable drive. Although the 3rd row seats are designed for small children only, both the 2nd and 3rd row seats conveniently fold flat, opening up 44 cubic feet of cargo space. It's dual sliding rear doors effortlessly open wide and the 2nd row seats slide forward and aft for easier entry and exit. The 2008 Mazda Mazda5 is an excellent choice for those who need the versatility of a traditional mini van in a compact, easy to maneuver size that boasts just enough 'zoom-zoom'.
2008 Mazda MAZDA6 - Review
The midsize sedan marketplace is for the most part full of rather lackluster and ambiguously designed vehicles. Fortunately, the 5 passenger 2008 Mazda MAZDA6 still provides more driving excitement and a sporty style than many others in this segment lack. Both the sedan and versatile hatchback body styles satisfy the driving enthusiasts need for an interactive driving experience, highlighted by optimized handling and performance and complimented by a comfortable ride and a highly functional design. Changes for the 2008 model year include a few feature upgrades and the discontinuation of the Sport Wagon trim. The Touring and Grand Touring models are now equipped with a smooth shifting 6 speed automatic as the sole distributor of power to the front wheels-a manual transmission is only offered on the Sport Value Edition.
The MAZDA6 sedan and hatchback are available in the Sport Value Edition, Touring and Grand Touring trims, as well as a Sport trim that is reserved for the sedan body style only. These model designations are further distinguished with 4 cylinder versions being identified with the letter 'i' preceding the model name, while 6 cylinder models are introduced with the letter 's'. The Sport sedan comes standard with 17 inch alloy wheels, air-conditioning, cruise control, power windows, door locks and mirrors, a tilt/telescoping steering wheel and a 6 speaker AM/FM/CD stereo. The Sport Value Edition adds an in dash CD changer, leather-wrapped steering wheel and an 8 way power adjustable driver seat. The Touring strives to improve passenger comfort and convenience during longer trips and adds heated leather seats and heated outside mirrors and also upgrades the stereo to a 7 speaker premium Bose audio system. The upscale Grand Touring adds a sunroof, xenon headlights, fog lights, a luminescent instrument panel, automatic climate control and an auto dimming rearview mirror. The few factory options that are available for the MAZDA6 include a navigation system and satellite radio. All models have a roomy and well built cabin and a nicely trimmed cargo area that increases in size when the rear seat is folded down and additional storage can be conveniently found under floor in the back.
All versions of the 2008 MAZDA6 are front wheel drive. The 'i' models are equipped with a 2.3 liter 4 cylinder engine that produces 156 horsepower and get about 21 mpg in the city and 28 on the highway. The's' models have a more potent, 212 horsepower, 3.0-liter V6 engine with EPA ratings of 18 mpg in the city and 25 mpg on the highway. The Sport Value Edition offers a choice of 5 speed manual or 5 speed automatic transmission, while the Touring and Grand Touring powertrains feature a 6 speed automatic. Both engines provide sufficient power and acceleration and can sprint from 0 to 60 in about 8 seconds.
Although several competing manufacturers have increased their sport appeal, fuel efficiency and passenger space, most are just catching up with the appeal of the MAZDA6, while others offer similar utility and features but include a higher price tag. Clearly the sports car of its class, the economical price, racy good looks and satisfying performance of the MAZDA6 Hatchback is worthy of serious consideration for those in the market for an exciting yet practical mid size car.
The MAZDA6 sedan and hatchback are available in the Sport Value Edition, Touring and Grand Touring trims, as well as a Sport trim that is reserved for the sedan body style only. These model designations are further distinguished with 4 cylinder versions being identified with the letter 'i' preceding the model name, while 6 cylinder models are introduced with the letter 's'. The Sport sedan comes standard with 17 inch alloy wheels, air-conditioning, cruise control, power windows, door locks and mirrors, a tilt/telescoping steering wheel and a 6 speaker AM/FM/CD stereo. The Sport Value Edition adds an in dash CD changer, leather-wrapped steering wheel and an 8 way power adjustable driver seat. The Touring strives to improve passenger comfort and convenience during longer trips and adds heated leather seats and heated outside mirrors and also upgrades the stereo to a 7 speaker premium Bose audio system. The upscale Grand Touring adds a sunroof, xenon headlights, fog lights, a luminescent instrument panel, automatic climate control and an auto dimming rearview mirror. The few factory options that are available for the MAZDA6 include a navigation system and satellite radio. All models have a roomy and well built cabin and a nicely trimmed cargo area that increases in size when the rear seat is folded down and additional storage can be conveniently found under floor in the back.
All versions of the 2008 MAZDA6 are front wheel drive. The 'i' models are equipped with a 2.3 liter 4 cylinder engine that produces 156 horsepower and get about 21 mpg in the city and 28 on the highway. The's' models have a more potent, 212 horsepower, 3.0-liter V6 engine with EPA ratings of 18 mpg in the city and 25 mpg on the highway. The Sport Value Edition offers a choice of 5 speed manual or 5 speed automatic transmission, while the Touring and Grand Touring powertrains feature a 6 speed automatic. Both engines provide sufficient power and acceleration and can sprint from 0 to 60 in about 8 seconds.
Although several competing manufacturers have increased their sport appeal, fuel efficiency and passenger space, most are just catching up with the appeal of the MAZDA6, while others offer similar utility and features but include a higher price tag. Clearly the sports car of its class, the economical price, racy good looks and satisfying performance of the MAZDA6 Hatchback is worthy of serious consideration for those in the market for an exciting yet practical mid size car.
The 2008 Mazda MAZDASPEED3
The 2008 Mazda MAZDASPEED3 is a limited edition, high performance version of the Mazda 3 in its hatchback form. Differentiating the version from the rest of the lineup is its higher and wider domed hood, which accommodates the MAZDASPEED3's turbocharged engine. The sharp looking, impressive handling and affordably priced MAZDASPEED3 was introduced for the 2007 model year and has received no significant changes for 2008.
The front wheel drive MAZDASPEED3 is equipped with a 263 horsepower, turbocharged 2.3 liter 4 cylinder engine. Its sole transmission is a 6 speed manual and a limited slip differential and electronic torque limiter help to improve traction and provide smooth gear changes. Exhilaration thrives as the MAZDASPEED3 sprints from 0 to 60 in only 5.9 seconds, but all that power will only take you 18 miles per gallon of gas in the city and 26 mpg on the highway at best.
This sporty economy car is available in Sport and Grand Touring trim levels. The Sport comes well equipped to take you on an entertaining journey with 18 inch alloy wheels, high performance Bridgestone tires, a roof spoiler, a limited-slip differential, sport bolstered seats, full power accessories, a tilt-and-telescoping steering wheel, automatic climate control, and an AM/FM/CD stereo with audio jack. In addition to all the features of the Sport, the MAZDASPEED3 Grand Touring adds rain-sensing wipers, an anti theft system, xenon HID headlights, LED taillights, leather upholstery, a trip computer and an upgraded Bose audio system with in-dash CD changer. Of the few options available, the most sought after include a navigation system and satellite radio.
For a base price of under $25,000, the MAZDASPEED3 combines serious speed and impressive reflexes with the practicality of a hatchback. The sport chic cabin features a high quality fit and finish that offers all occupants plenty of head and leg room and also offers 31 cubic feet of cargo space with the rear seat folded down and 17 cubic feet with the seat in the upright position. For driving enthusiasts on a budget, the MAZDASPEED3 should be on the top of the test drive list.
The front wheel drive MAZDASPEED3 is equipped with a 263 horsepower, turbocharged 2.3 liter 4 cylinder engine. Its sole transmission is a 6 speed manual and a limited slip differential and electronic torque limiter help to improve traction and provide smooth gear changes. Exhilaration thrives as the MAZDASPEED3 sprints from 0 to 60 in only 5.9 seconds, but all that power will only take you 18 miles per gallon of gas in the city and 26 mpg on the highway at best.
This sporty economy car is available in Sport and Grand Touring trim levels. The Sport comes well equipped to take you on an entertaining journey with 18 inch alloy wheels, high performance Bridgestone tires, a roof spoiler, a limited-slip differential, sport bolstered seats, full power accessories, a tilt-and-telescoping steering wheel, automatic climate control, and an AM/FM/CD stereo with audio jack. In addition to all the features of the Sport, the MAZDASPEED3 Grand Touring adds rain-sensing wipers, an anti theft system, xenon HID headlights, LED taillights, leather upholstery, a trip computer and an upgraded Bose audio system with in-dash CD changer. Of the few options available, the most sought after include a navigation system and satellite radio.
For a base price of under $25,000, the MAZDASPEED3 combines serious speed and impressive reflexes with the practicality of a hatchback. The sport chic cabin features a high quality fit and finish that offers all occupants plenty of head and leg room and also offers 31 cubic feet of cargo space with the rear seat folded down and 17 cubic feet with the seat in the upright position. For driving enthusiasts on a budget, the MAZDASPEED3 should be on the top of the test drive list.
Body Kits, Side Skirts, Air Dams Information
You have seen them cruising urban streets and zipping through suburban enclaves, vehicles that look familiar, but have external modifications that make them appear more streamlined, unique, and personalized. Vehicles of all types, Japanese, American, and European made cars, trucks, and SUVs are nowadays being revamped with body kits. The term "body kit" can refer to a set of add-ons including front and rear bumpers, front and rear lips, side skirts, air scoops, fender extenders, carbon fiber hoods, spoilers, and "Lambo doors".
Ground Effects For Improved Performance
While installing a body kit on your vehicle is usually done to change the appearance of your vehicle, the aerodynamic effects can help improve handling and fuel economy. This is especially true if the body kit includes ground effects, an air dam and side skirts which make the car hug the ground and can decrease the airflow under the vehicle. Other popular body kit components include a front spoiler, commonly installed under the front bumper to lower wind resistance. A rear spoiler adds down force to help increase grab during acceleration.
Fiberglass, Urethane, or Carbon Fiber - Which is Best?
Here are a few other things to consider before purchasing a body kit. You can buy full kits or partial ones from Irmscher, Reiger, or Wings West Body Kits. Decide which material you want your kit to be made of. Common materials that make up the bulk of kits include urethane, fiberglass, and carbon fiber. Fiberglass retains its shape and fits better than urethane. Fiberglass holds a better shine and can be patched. Urethane is more resistant to light impacts but is not repairable.
Quality Fiberglass Makes The Best Body Kits
High quality US-made fiberglass differs from cheap, brittle fiberglass in cost and performance. You get what you pay for. Sprayed fiberglass has inconsistent thickness and damage susceptibility, causing fracturing and poor fit. Check the back of the bumper or skirt for smoothness. Quality hand-laid fiberglass will be smooth. Urethane does have its benefits, especially if you live where it snows or where the roads are poor. Consider the practicality of your modifications. If you have to negotiate driveways which require moderate ground clearance, low riding skirts or air dams may be a poor choice. More becoming the trend, you can have a quality body kit installed by the manufacturer, thus assuring yourself that it will be done right.
Advice For Buying and Installing a Body Kit
Knowing the consequences of buying and installing a kit made of poor materials before you buy is priceless information. So, for those of you who don't want to learn this lesson the hard way, check with the manufacturer about the material your kit is made from, the details of the manufacturer's warranty if any, and whether the installation of the kit requires removing energy-absorbing structures from the car. Never purchase a kit that requires the removal of energy-absorbing material from the car.
Over the decades, car enthusiasts have accessorized their vehicles to make a statement that reflects the identity of the car's owner. In today's fast-paced, competitive world, the popularity of personalizing one's car is stronger than ever, and body kits are a fundimental tool to achieve a unique automotive statement.
J. Prinz
Ground Effects For Improved Performance
While installing a body kit on your vehicle is usually done to change the appearance of your vehicle, the aerodynamic effects can help improve handling and fuel economy. This is especially true if the body kit includes ground effects, an air dam and side skirts which make the car hug the ground and can decrease the airflow under the vehicle. Other popular body kit components include a front spoiler, commonly installed under the front bumper to lower wind resistance. A rear spoiler adds down force to help increase grab during acceleration.
Fiberglass, Urethane, or Carbon Fiber - Which is Best?
Here are a few other things to consider before purchasing a body kit. You can buy full kits or partial ones from Irmscher, Reiger, or Wings West Body Kits. Decide which material you want your kit to be made of. Common materials that make up the bulk of kits include urethane, fiberglass, and carbon fiber. Fiberglass retains its shape and fits better than urethane. Fiberglass holds a better shine and can be patched. Urethane is more resistant to light impacts but is not repairable.
Quality Fiberglass Makes The Best Body Kits
High quality US-made fiberglass differs from cheap, brittle fiberglass in cost and performance. You get what you pay for. Sprayed fiberglass has inconsistent thickness and damage susceptibility, causing fracturing and poor fit. Check the back of the bumper or skirt for smoothness. Quality hand-laid fiberglass will be smooth. Urethane does have its benefits, especially if you live where it snows or where the roads are poor. Consider the practicality of your modifications. If you have to negotiate driveways which require moderate ground clearance, low riding skirts or air dams may be a poor choice. More becoming the trend, you can have a quality body kit installed by the manufacturer, thus assuring yourself that it will be done right.
Advice For Buying and Installing a Body Kit
Knowing the consequences of buying and installing a kit made of poor materials before you buy is priceless information. So, for those of you who don't want to learn this lesson the hard way, check with the manufacturer about the material your kit is made from, the details of the manufacturer's warranty if any, and whether the installation of the kit requires removing energy-absorbing structures from the car. Never purchase a kit that requires the removal of energy-absorbing material from the car.
Over the decades, car enthusiasts have accessorized their vehicles to make a statement that reflects the identity of the car's owner. In today's fast-paced, competitive world, the popularity of personalizing one's car is stronger than ever, and body kits are a fundimental tool to achieve a unique automotive statement.
J. Prinz
The San Francisco International Auto Show
The Moscone Convention Center was the scene of the forty-ninth annual San Francisco International Auto Show, from November 18 to the 26th 2006. Supported by the California Motor Car Dealers Association, the International Auto Show represents the major influences shaping the auto industry from the past, present, and future. With over 40 of the world's auto, SUV, truck, and van manufacturers participating, the Moscone Convention Center was resplendent with hundreds of unique and 2007 2007 cars, trucks, and SUVs.
Innovative High Tech Displays
A number of the world's major manufacturers attracted enthusiastic crowds to their special exhibits. Among the informational kiosks and revolving display platforms were classic cars, interactive hybrid and alternative fuel promotions, concept and prototype cars, and an extensive aftermarket auto accessory area.
Ford Focus FCV Hybrid
- Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle - The Ford Focus FCV is one of the industry's first hybridized fuel cell vehicles and combines the improved range and performance of hybrid technology with the overall environmental benefits of a fuel cell. The hydrogen-powered Ford Focus FCV-Hybrid was Ford's third generation fuel cell vehicle. It combined an innovative power train with a Ni-MH high voltage battery and a hydrogen-powered fuel cell engine to help increase performance and efficiency while still providing zero emissions. All this was packaged in the world's best-selling compact car and offered traditional comfort and driving feel to the customer.
Tesla Electric True Performance Car
All Electric high performance, high fuel efficiency vehicle - recharges overnight, range 250 miles, top speed 135mph, 0-60 in 4 sec. Price: $95,000. An automobile manufacturer who took the risks and pulled out all the stops to making a truly production-ready electric car. A technology initially thought reserved for tree huggers, the 200 horsepower electric motor in this vehicle gives you all the torque and speed you would need to add a bit of excitement to your driving.
Globalization of Domestic Automotive Production
San Francisco Bay area import auto dealers have, for the past 49 years, had the International Auto Show to display their foreign-made cars. Eventually broadening its scope due to greater global cooperation in automotive production, the San Francisco International Auto Show now includes domestic and international manufacturers worldwide.
Alternative Cars To Watch
Taken as a whole, this year's San Francisco International Auto Show will not stir much controversy. There were plenty of lovely American and other Pacific Rim vehicles. Sequestered in smaller halls were some of the usual exotic foreign players, such as Aston Martin, Ferrari, and Lamborghini. The atmosphere at Moscone was very much geared to displaying hot sellers and a "business as usual" attitude.
Disappointingly, there were only a few vendors who pushed the automotive industry envelope with alternative fuel vehicles or an environmentally positive approach. It turns out that the real show is in a couple of weeks, at the Los Angeles Convention Center where the 2006 LA Auto Show promises to show more "green".
Crowds did gather at booths of some interesting innovators, such as ZAP Voltage Vehicles of Santa Rosa (zapworld.com). Voltage Vehicles is a nascent, full-service alternative fuel vehicle distributor specializing in the full spectrum of electric vehicles (EV) and full-performance alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) including automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, scooters, personal watercraft, hovercraft, neighborhood electric vehicles (NEV), commercial vehicles and accessories.
Muscle Vehicles
Dodge Tomahawk, Chrysler Imperial, Ford Mustang Shelby 500, Ford Super Duty Truck represented what is perceived as the less evolved of the automotive industry. As long as the auto buying public seeks out and buys large, fuel-inefficient status symbols, the automotive industry will follow the money, and lionize these monuments to waste of environmental resources.
Read more articles about automotive industry news including the Paris Motor Show at Carseek.com
J. Prinz
Innovative High Tech Displays
A number of the world's major manufacturers attracted enthusiastic crowds to their special exhibits. Among the informational kiosks and revolving display platforms were classic cars, interactive hybrid and alternative fuel promotions, concept and prototype cars, and an extensive aftermarket auto accessory area.
Ford Focus FCV Hybrid
- Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle - The Ford Focus FCV is one of the industry's first hybridized fuel cell vehicles and combines the improved range and performance of hybrid technology with the overall environmental benefits of a fuel cell. The hydrogen-powered Ford Focus FCV-Hybrid was Ford's third generation fuel cell vehicle. It combined an innovative power train with a Ni-MH high voltage battery and a hydrogen-powered fuel cell engine to help increase performance and efficiency while still providing zero emissions. All this was packaged in the world's best-selling compact car and offered traditional comfort and driving feel to the customer.
Tesla Electric True Performance Car
All Electric high performance, high fuel efficiency vehicle - recharges overnight, range 250 miles, top speed 135mph, 0-60 in 4 sec. Price: $95,000. An automobile manufacturer who took the risks and pulled out all the stops to making a truly production-ready electric car. A technology initially thought reserved for tree huggers, the 200 horsepower electric motor in this vehicle gives you all the torque and speed you would need to add a bit of excitement to your driving.
Globalization of Domestic Automotive Production
San Francisco Bay area import auto dealers have, for the past 49 years, had the International Auto Show to display their foreign-made cars. Eventually broadening its scope due to greater global cooperation in automotive production, the San Francisco International Auto Show now includes domestic and international manufacturers worldwide.
Alternative Cars To Watch
Taken as a whole, this year's San Francisco International Auto Show will not stir much controversy. There were plenty of lovely American and other Pacific Rim vehicles. Sequestered in smaller halls were some of the usual exotic foreign players, such as Aston Martin, Ferrari, and Lamborghini. The atmosphere at Moscone was very much geared to displaying hot sellers and a "business as usual" attitude.
Disappointingly, there were only a few vendors who pushed the automotive industry envelope with alternative fuel vehicles or an environmentally positive approach. It turns out that the real show is in a couple of weeks, at the Los Angeles Convention Center where the 2006 LA Auto Show promises to show more "green".
Crowds did gather at booths of some interesting innovators, such as ZAP Voltage Vehicles of Santa Rosa (zapworld.com). Voltage Vehicles is a nascent, full-service alternative fuel vehicle distributor specializing in the full spectrum of electric vehicles (EV) and full-performance alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) including automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, scooters, personal watercraft, hovercraft, neighborhood electric vehicles (NEV), commercial vehicles and accessories.
Muscle Vehicles
Dodge Tomahawk, Chrysler Imperial, Ford Mustang Shelby 500, Ford Super Duty Truck represented what is perceived as the less evolved of the automotive industry. As long as the auto buying public seeks out and buys large, fuel-inefficient status symbols, the automotive industry will follow the money, and lionize these monuments to waste of environmental resources.
Read more articles about automotive industry news including the Paris Motor Show at Carseek.com
J. Prinz
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Car Technology
The quest for a pollution-free energy source has been the goal of the auto industry almost since its beginning. Its pursuit has become more grave in recent decades with the environment showing signs of irreversible damage from fossil fuels and the fear that this resource is running out. Fuel cells in one form or another have been in existence for over 160 years and are now the focus of aggressive research and development. Today, fuel cell powered vehicles are projected to go into production for personal use by the end of the decade. Many environmental and economic forces are actively involved in bringing this to fruition. The oil industry, the automobile industry, and other giant corporations have more than a casual interest in seeing the fuel cell become the leading energy source for the future.
The public is already being primed for the day when the first production models are shipped to showrooms. To make intelligent decisions about this technology, a better grasp of its application will be helpful. The science behind the product gives some clues about how this technology will be implemented, and what problems lie ahead. There are a number of critical hurdles that must be overcome before fuel cells provide a viable solution for the impending transportation crisis.
Fuel Cell Benefits
Fuel efficiencies of between 30% and 90% can be achieved by converting fuel directly into electrical energy.
Fossil fuel combustion leads to byproducts that are known to damage the environment. In fuel cell systems using hydrogen as the fuel, the only byproducts of the electrochemical reaction are electricity, heat, and water.
Extracting fossil fuels from the earth comes with its own set of environmental hazards, not found in the process associated with generating fuel cell hydrogen. The environmental impact of fuel cell technology is pleasingly miniscule.
A fuel cell's simplicity of design, with no moving parts, offers the benefits of quiet operation and reliability.
Hydrogen can be produced a number of ways domestically, relieving the stress of overseas petrochemical dependence.
Fuel Cell Risks
The gamble of mass-market acceptance rides on allaying concerns of reliability, longevity, availability and cost of fuel. The cost of fuel cell technology needs to be low enough to spur acceptance.
The infrastructure for the delivery and storage of fuel cell fuels does not currently exist. To create convenient and affordable fueling stations, the public will rely on the oil and gas industries to introduce them.
For yet unforeseen reasons, fuel cell technology may not be suitable for automotive applications. Hybrid technology is currently gaining popularity and will potentially slow the enthusiasm and requisite research on fuel cell technology.
Platinum is an important component in the fuel cell electrochemical reaction. It is also a scarce earth resource that could be prone to shortages.
The Physics behind the Hydrogen Fuel Cell
Fuel cells can be looked at as a type of battery which generates but does not store electrical energy. In the common alkaline battery, electricity is created through an electrochemical reaction, whose ingredients are eventually exhausted. In a fuel cell, electricity is created by a different set of reactants, and the two ingredients that cause the reaction, hydrogen and oxygen, can be replenished. The byproducts of the process are pure water and heat. Shuttle astronauts rely on fuel cell technology to power their life-support systems and other critical functions.
Fuel Cell - How It Works
A simple fuel cell is composed of two electrodes, an anode and a cathode. These are sandwiched onto an proton exchange membrane (PEM) which permits the transfer of protons from the anode to the cathode. The reaction occurs when hydrogen is introduced onto the surface of the anode and its protons and electrons separate. The electrons travel along the circuit while the protons unite with oxygen to form water. The byproducts of the electrochemical reaction, water and heat, can be recycled to improve the efficiency of the system. 35% to 90% efficiencies can be achieved depending on whether the waste heat is utilized.
Hydrogen flows into the fuel cell on the anode side.
Platinum catalyst facilitates the separation of the hydrogen gas into electrons and protons (hydrogen ions) in a proton exchange membrane or PEM fuel cell.
Protons travel through the PEM to the cathode, where the catalyst helps the protons bond to oxygen to produce water.
The electrons, to which the membrane is impermeable, flow through a circuit containing a motor or other device which consumes the power generated by the cell.
As long as the device is supplied with hydrogen and oxygen, the electrochemical reaction proceeds and the electrical current flows.
Fuel Cell - Promise of Renewable and Clean Energy
Only the future will tell whether the use of fuel cell technology will live up to its potential as a clean and viable energy source. Oil companies have a jump start on implementing the technology with an infrastructure similar to that necessary to generate, store, and dispense hydrogen. Auto manufacturers seem to be, at least in the present, jumping on the hybrid vehicle band wagon. Both technologies hold considerable promise.
The public is already being primed for the day when the first production models are shipped to showrooms. To make intelligent decisions about this technology, a better grasp of its application will be helpful. The science behind the product gives some clues about how this technology will be implemented, and what problems lie ahead. There are a number of critical hurdles that must be overcome before fuel cells provide a viable solution for the impending transportation crisis.
Fuel Cell Benefits
Fuel efficiencies of between 30% and 90% can be achieved by converting fuel directly into electrical energy.
Fossil fuel combustion leads to byproducts that are known to damage the environment. In fuel cell systems using hydrogen as the fuel, the only byproducts of the electrochemical reaction are electricity, heat, and water.
Extracting fossil fuels from the earth comes with its own set of environmental hazards, not found in the process associated with generating fuel cell hydrogen. The environmental impact of fuel cell technology is pleasingly miniscule.
A fuel cell's simplicity of design, with no moving parts, offers the benefits of quiet operation and reliability.
Hydrogen can be produced a number of ways domestically, relieving the stress of overseas petrochemical dependence.
Fuel Cell Risks
The gamble of mass-market acceptance rides on allaying concerns of reliability, longevity, availability and cost of fuel. The cost of fuel cell technology needs to be low enough to spur acceptance.
The infrastructure for the delivery and storage of fuel cell fuels does not currently exist. To create convenient and affordable fueling stations, the public will rely on the oil and gas industries to introduce them.
For yet unforeseen reasons, fuel cell technology may not be suitable for automotive applications. Hybrid technology is currently gaining popularity and will potentially slow the enthusiasm and requisite research on fuel cell technology.
Platinum is an important component in the fuel cell electrochemical reaction. It is also a scarce earth resource that could be prone to shortages.
The Physics behind the Hydrogen Fuel Cell
Fuel cells can be looked at as a type of battery which generates but does not store electrical energy. In the common alkaline battery, electricity is created through an electrochemical reaction, whose ingredients are eventually exhausted. In a fuel cell, electricity is created by a different set of reactants, and the two ingredients that cause the reaction, hydrogen and oxygen, can be replenished. The byproducts of the process are pure water and heat. Shuttle astronauts rely on fuel cell technology to power their life-support systems and other critical functions.
Fuel Cell - How It Works
A simple fuel cell is composed of two electrodes, an anode and a cathode. These are sandwiched onto an proton exchange membrane (PEM) which permits the transfer of protons from the anode to the cathode. The reaction occurs when hydrogen is introduced onto the surface of the anode and its protons and electrons separate. The electrons travel along the circuit while the protons unite with oxygen to form water. The byproducts of the electrochemical reaction, water and heat, can be recycled to improve the efficiency of the system. 35% to 90% efficiencies can be achieved depending on whether the waste heat is utilized.
Hydrogen flows into the fuel cell on the anode side.
Platinum catalyst facilitates the separation of the hydrogen gas into electrons and protons (hydrogen ions) in a proton exchange membrane or PEM fuel cell.
Protons travel through the PEM to the cathode, where the catalyst helps the protons bond to oxygen to produce water.
The electrons, to which the membrane is impermeable, flow through a circuit containing a motor or other device which consumes the power generated by the cell.
As long as the device is supplied with hydrogen and oxygen, the electrochemical reaction proceeds and the electrical current flows.
Fuel Cell - Promise of Renewable and Clean Energy
Only the future will tell whether the use of fuel cell technology will live up to its potential as a clean and viable energy source. Oil companies have a jump start on implementing the technology with an infrastructure similar to that necessary to generate, store, and dispense hydrogen. Auto manufacturers seem to be, at least in the present, jumping on the hybrid vehicle band wagon. Both technologies hold considerable promise.
Hybrid Car Technology
Cars with hybrid technology combine the power of an electric motor with that of a combustion engine. The electric motor in a hybrid vehicle can function as a propulsion mechanism as well as a braking mechanism which recharges the vehicle's batteries (regenerative braking). Both the engine and the electric motor can turn the transmission at the same time, and the transmission then turns the wheels. The electric motor can use electrical energy from the batteries to accelerate the car. When acting as a generator, it can slow the car down and return energy to the batteries.
Toyota Prius
Prius can accelerate to a speed of about 15 mph (24 kph) before switching on the gasoline engine. The engine only starts once the vehicle has passed a certain speed. And once the engine starts, it operates in a narrow speed band.
The Prius is rated 60/51 mpg City/Highway by the federal government's Environmental Protection Agency, with a Combined rating of 55 mpg. You're more likely to see less, maybe 41 to 48 mpg. Don't blame the manufacturer for the difference. Hybrid power plants do well in EPA testing and your driving style will determine your mileage.
Ford Escape Hybrid SUV
The Ford Escape Hybrid SUV continues to add credibility to the hybrid vehicle concept. Using a 4-cylinder gas engine in combination with an electric motor, the Ford Escape Hybrid nearly doubles the fuel-efficiency of its 6-cylinder stable-mate. With its popularity increasing, there are competitors who now have hybrid SUVs on the street, having seen the light.
Hybrid Car: Test Drive
Click the power switch to activate the display.
The vehicle will use the electric motor up to about 35 miles per hour. As you reach a higher speed, the combustion engine starts and begins to accelerate the vehicle. The Prius has a lower threshold of 15 mph before the engine starts.
Hybrid Battery charging
To slow the vehicle, the inertia of the generator/motor is overcome by the forward force of the vehicle and uses some of that forward kinetic energy to generate electricity to recharge the battery.
Hybrids in our Future
Sales of hybrids have increased exponentially in the four or five years since their introduction, as they contribute toward alleviating our dependence on fossil fuels. Get used to hearing about new hybrids on the block with new models from manufacturers such as Toyota, Lexus, Mercury and the Mazda respond to the public putting its money on the line. There is little doubt that this technology will become firmly ensconced in our environmental armamentarium.
J. Prinz
Toyota Prius
Prius can accelerate to a speed of about 15 mph (24 kph) before switching on the gasoline engine. The engine only starts once the vehicle has passed a certain speed. And once the engine starts, it operates in a narrow speed band.
The Prius is rated 60/51 mpg City/Highway by the federal government's Environmental Protection Agency, with a Combined rating of 55 mpg. You're more likely to see less, maybe 41 to 48 mpg. Don't blame the manufacturer for the difference. Hybrid power plants do well in EPA testing and your driving style will determine your mileage.
Ford Escape Hybrid SUV
The Ford Escape Hybrid SUV continues to add credibility to the hybrid vehicle concept. Using a 4-cylinder gas engine in combination with an electric motor, the Ford Escape Hybrid nearly doubles the fuel-efficiency of its 6-cylinder stable-mate. With its popularity increasing, there are competitors who now have hybrid SUVs on the street, having seen the light.
Hybrid Car: Test Drive
Click the power switch to activate the display.
The vehicle will use the electric motor up to about 35 miles per hour. As you reach a higher speed, the combustion engine starts and begins to accelerate the vehicle. The Prius has a lower threshold of 15 mph before the engine starts.
Hybrid Battery charging
To slow the vehicle, the inertia of the generator/motor is overcome by the forward force of the vehicle and uses some of that forward kinetic energy to generate electricity to recharge the battery.
Hybrids in our Future
Sales of hybrids have increased exponentially in the four or five years since their introduction, as they contribute toward alleviating our dependence on fossil fuels. Get used to hearing about new hybrids on the block with new models from manufacturers such as Toyota, Lexus, Mercury and the Mazda respond to the public putting its money on the line. There is little doubt that this technology will become firmly ensconced in our environmental armamentarium.
J. Prinz
Concept Cars, Innovation and Inspiration
The concept car phenomenon began in the '50s with General Motors's Harley Earl. His legacy is alive and well today with engineers remaining true to the idea of the concept car serving as laboratory and inspiration.
Prototype Use for Concept Cars
Concept cars are created by manufacturers to demonstrate a new design, style, or automotive feature in the form of a prototype. Auto shows are the chief venue where concept cars are displayed to gauge audience response to these new ideas before they are committed to production.
Concepts for Muscle Cars Camaro and Dodge Challenger
2006 2007 stands to be a banner year for the appearance of some performance favorites from the past at auto shows worldwide. Look for Dodge Challenger Concept to turn heads once again, along with the revival of the legendary Chevrolet Camaro Concept.
Design Proving Ground
A design can be judged by the public, opinions gathered, and unforseen problems can be discovered. While many concept cars emphasize external design and may not be fully functioning, others are truly experimenting with new fuel technologies or safety measures.
J. Prinz
Prototype Use for Concept Cars
Concept cars are created by manufacturers to demonstrate a new design, style, or automotive feature in the form of a prototype. Auto shows are the chief venue where concept cars are displayed to gauge audience response to these new ideas before they are committed to production.
Concepts for Muscle Cars Camaro and Dodge Challenger
2006 2007 stands to be a banner year for the appearance of some performance favorites from the past at auto shows worldwide. Look for Dodge Challenger Concept to turn heads once again, along with the revival of the legendary Chevrolet Camaro Concept.
Design Proving Ground
A design can be judged by the public, opinions gathered, and unforseen problems can be discovered. While many concept cars emphasize external design and may not be fully functioning, others are truly experimenting with new fuel technologies or safety measures.
J. Prinz
Buying Versus Leasing A Car, Pros and Cons
Just as some people prefer to live in apartments or condos instead of buying houses, many people are choosing to lease their new cars, rather than buying them outright. For some, this is a decision influenced by credit scores - typically, low credit scores get you more money with a lease - but it's a lifestyle choice as well: if you prefer driving newer vehicles, and if you don't mind always having a car payment, leasing can be beneficial. Alternatively, if your ultimate goal is payment-free reliable transportation, or you're in the market for a used car, an outright purchase is probably your better bet.
How do Leases Actually Work?
When you purchase a car, you typically make a down payment, and either pay fees and taxes in cash or roll them into your loan. You pay interest at a rate determined by your lender, and your monthly payments begin a month after your contract is signed. Your loan payments go toward the vehicle's entire cost.
When you lease a car, though, your payments are only going toward the part of the vehicle's cost that you will use in the time you have it. In addition, you have the option of not making a down payment, and, in most states you pay sales tax only on your monthly payments, which include a money factor that is not unlike the interest rate on a loan. In addition, there may also be additional fees, or even a security deposit, and your first payment is made when your sign your contract.
As an example, if you purchase a car that costs $25,000 you pay all of it, plus taxes, fees, and finance charges, but because cars begin to depreciate the moment they leave the lot, 24 months later, that car may only be worth $15,000 if you were to resell it.
If you lease the same $25,000 car, it will still depreciate at the same rate, but instead of paying the entire cost, you only pay for the difference - the part you use - of $10,000 (plus finance charges and fees). This is why leasing is generally less expensive than buying.
Loan payments are made of two parts, principal, which represents a portion of the entire cost of the vehicle, and the finance charge, which represents the interest charged by your lender. Think of interest as the fee you pay for borrowing money.
Lease payments are also composed of two parts, a depreciation charge, which compensates the dealer or leasing company for value lost during the lease (again, it's the part of the car value that you are using) and a finance charge, which is interest charged for the lease company's investment in your car.
Differences between Buying and Leasing
The obvious difference between purchasing and leasing a vehicle is this: at the end of the loan term, you own the car, but at the end of a lease, you have to either return the car, and lease another, or buy out the remaining balance of the car's value (also known as equity). One of the benefits of leasing, however, is something called gap insurance. Gap insurance, which you pay for, insures the difference between the value of the car, and what you owe on your lease, which can be extremely beneficial in the event of a serious accident that results in above-average damage to the vehicle.
Because of depreciation, if you are buying your car, you may find yourself in the position of owing more on the loan than the car is actually worth, and while gap insurance can, in theory, be purchased separately, it's extremely difficult to find an agent who sells it.
So, Does this Mean Leasing is Better?
With the obvious benefits of smaller monthly payments and gap insurance, it may seem that leasing is the perfect choice for everyone, but that isn't necessarily true.
Certainly you should consider a lease if the car you want is more expensive than you can easily afford (more than about $30,000), or if you have slightly dented credit, or limited cash for a down payment. Leasing is also an excellent choice if you prefer to have a new car every three or four years, but remember that when you lease, your car payment is with you forever. Also, if you frequently drive more than 15,000 miles a year, leasing can cost you money, as excessive mileage incurs extra fees when the lease is over.
Damage, too, costs extra when you turn in a leased vehicle - anything over and above 'normal' wear and tear can incur fees.
Buying, on the other hand, is a better choice if you want reliable transportation without a car payment, or if you're considering the purchase of a used car. Since most of the depreciation occurs in the first few years after a car is built, leasing a used car may not save you money. And just as extra mileage costs money when you lease, if you frequently make long trips, purchasing your car may be the way to go.
Fundamentally, just like choosing a house in the suburbs, or an apartment in the heart of a city, the decision to lease or buy is a lifestyle choice. Whichever you decide, however, make sure that you get quotes from more than one lender or lease company, and read all the fine print before you sign.
M.A. Bartell
How do Leases Actually Work?
When you purchase a car, you typically make a down payment, and either pay fees and taxes in cash or roll them into your loan. You pay interest at a rate determined by your lender, and your monthly payments begin a month after your contract is signed. Your loan payments go toward the vehicle's entire cost.
When you lease a car, though, your payments are only going toward the part of the vehicle's cost that you will use in the time you have it. In addition, you have the option of not making a down payment, and, in most states you pay sales tax only on your monthly payments, which include a money factor that is not unlike the interest rate on a loan. In addition, there may also be additional fees, or even a security deposit, and your first payment is made when your sign your contract.
As an example, if you purchase a car that costs $25,000 you pay all of it, plus taxes, fees, and finance charges, but because cars begin to depreciate the moment they leave the lot, 24 months later, that car may only be worth $15,000 if you were to resell it.
If you lease the same $25,000 car, it will still depreciate at the same rate, but instead of paying the entire cost, you only pay for the difference - the part you use - of $10,000 (plus finance charges and fees). This is why leasing is generally less expensive than buying.
Loan payments are made of two parts, principal, which represents a portion of the entire cost of the vehicle, and the finance charge, which represents the interest charged by your lender. Think of interest as the fee you pay for borrowing money.
Lease payments are also composed of two parts, a depreciation charge, which compensates the dealer or leasing company for value lost during the lease (again, it's the part of the car value that you are using) and a finance charge, which is interest charged for the lease company's investment in your car.
Differences between Buying and Leasing
The obvious difference between purchasing and leasing a vehicle is this: at the end of the loan term, you own the car, but at the end of a lease, you have to either return the car, and lease another, or buy out the remaining balance of the car's value (also known as equity). One of the benefits of leasing, however, is something called gap insurance. Gap insurance, which you pay for, insures the difference between the value of the car, and what you owe on your lease, which can be extremely beneficial in the event of a serious accident that results in above-average damage to the vehicle.
Because of depreciation, if you are buying your car, you may find yourself in the position of owing more on the loan than the car is actually worth, and while gap insurance can, in theory, be purchased separately, it's extremely difficult to find an agent who sells it.
So, Does this Mean Leasing is Better?
With the obvious benefits of smaller monthly payments and gap insurance, it may seem that leasing is the perfect choice for everyone, but that isn't necessarily true.
Certainly you should consider a lease if the car you want is more expensive than you can easily afford (more than about $30,000), or if you have slightly dented credit, or limited cash for a down payment. Leasing is also an excellent choice if you prefer to have a new car every three or four years, but remember that when you lease, your car payment is with you forever. Also, if you frequently drive more than 15,000 miles a year, leasing can cost you money, as excessive mileage incurs extra fees when the lease is over.
Damage, too, costs extra when you turn in a leased vehicle - anything over and above 'normal' wear and tear can incur fees.
Buying, on the other hand, is a better choice if you want reliable transportation without a car payment, or if you're considering the purchase of a used car. Since most of the depreciation occurs in the first few years after a car is built, leasing a used car may not save you money. And just as extra mileage costs money when you lease, if you frequently make long trips, purchasing your car may be the way to go.
Fundamentally, just like choosing a house in the suburbs, or an apartment in the heart of a city, the decision to lease or buy is a lifestyle choice. Whichever you decide, however, make sure that you get quotes from more than one lender or lease company, and read all the fine print before you sign.
M.A. Bartell
10 Ways to Save Money on Gasoline
The summer of 2007 began with prices hovering close to the $3.00 mark, and while things have come down a little in the last week or so, The even the "cheap" states along the gulf are seeing prices in the $2.77 /gallon range, for the lowest octane unleaded available. While it was reported late in spring that we wouldn't see much elevation this year, the fact is that gas is still more expensive than it ever has been, and we are all looking for ways to save money when we have to fill up.
While consumers cannot directly affect the prices paid at the pump, there are several things you can do to help conserve gasoline, and make filling your tank less frequent, if not always less costly. Here are ten "tips and tricks" for saving gas, broken into three categories: maintenance, driving habits, and shopping.
Don't forget, driving the right car for your individual needs can also be a big gas saver. Instead of the Chevrolet Suburban to run errands around town, consider a Toyota Prius Hybrid for 60mpg plus city driving.
Maintenance
Keeping your car well maintained is probably the most important way to conserve gasoline.
Three things to watch out for:
1) Tire Pressure: Check your owner's manual, and be sure your tires are correctly inflated. Information at AAA's website states that this is the most important factor in good gas mileage.
2) Tune-ups: Keep all the fluids and systems in your car well-maintained, and see a trustworthy mechanic for regular tune-ups.
3) Cleanliness: Dirt and grime on the exterior can increase drag, as can rooftop carriers. Using your trunk as storage space makes your car heavier, and means the engine has to work harder. If you don't use it on a daily basis, you probably don't need it in or on your car.
Driving Habits
The way you drive absolutely affects how much gas your car uses.
1) Stick to the speed limit. This is harder to do than it sounds, of course, but consider that the difference in consumption between driving 55 and 65 miles per hour is about 2 miles per gallon.
2) Accelerate gradually. Sudden starts and stops over-exert your engine, and gradual acceleration is better for automatic transmissions, anyway. 3) Keep your foot on the floor. Your left foot, that is. Resting it on the brake during normal driving, even slightly, adds to drag.
4) Use air conditioning wisely in hot weather. On a long trip, keeping the windows up and the a/c on is more efficient than not, because it reduces that evil drag, but once the car is chilled, reduce power to the air conditioner. In stop-and-go situations, however, open the windows and use outside air as much as possible.
Shopping
You can't try before you buy, but you can be an informed purchaser.
1) Shop for the best prices. Use websites like gasbuddy.com and gaspricewatch.com to find the best prices near you. Also, consider local and off-brand stations. Their prices can be as much as 10 cents less, per gallon.
2) Use a gas card or rebate credit card, or a store "club card." With prices the same for cash and credit, using a credit card can save you money (by giving a discount) or earn you a few cents a gallon, and if you live in a state where grocery stores have pumps of their own, using their "club cards" can save three or four cents a gallon.
3) Buy the lowest grade you can. Check your owner's manual to find out what is actually recommended. In many cases, it isn't the premium grade. If your vehicle supports the use of E85 fuel, consider using that. Also, note that in some of the Midwestern states the mid-range higher-ethanol fuel is actually less expensive than 87-octane unleaded.
In addition to these ten tips, other ways to save gas, thus saving money are basic common sense tricks: keep your gas cap tight to avoid evaporation; combine trips to stores, preferably finding shopping centers where many goods or services are available in close proximity; consider making a fuel-economy car your next purchase - or even a hybrid vehicle (which don't need to be plugged in, by the way) - and of course, whenever possible, walk.
By following these tips, you may not get to where you're going any faster, but your wallet will suffer less for it.
While consumers cannot directly affect the prices paid at the pump, there are several things you can do to help conserve gasoline, and make filling your tank less frequent, if not always less costly. Here are ten "tips and tricks" for saving gas, broken into three categories: maintenance, driving habits, and shopping.
Don't forget, driving the right car for your individual needs can also be a big gas saver. Instead of the Chevrolet Suburban to run errands around town, consider a Toyota Prius Hybrid for 60mpg plus city driving.
Maintenance
Keeping your car well maintained is probably the most important way to conserve gasoline.
Three things to watch out for:
1) Tire Pressure: Check your owner's manual, and be sure your tires are correctly inflated. Information at AAA's website states that this is the most important factor in good gas mileage.
2) Tune-ups: Keep all the fluids and systems in your car well-maintained, and see a trustworthy mechanic for regular tune-ups.
3) Cleanliness: Dirt and grime on the exterior can increase drag, as can rooftop carriers. Using your trunk as storage space makes your car heavier, and means the engine has to work harder. If you don't use it on a daily basis, you probably don't need it in or on your car.
Driving Habits
The way you drive absolutely affects how much gas your car uses.
1) Stick to the speed limit. This is harder to do than it sounds, of course, but consider that the difference in consumption between driving 55 and 65 miles per hour is about 2 miles per gallon.
2) Accelerate gradually. Sudden starts and stops over-exert your engine, and gradual acceleration is better for automatic transmissions, anyway. 3) Keep your foot on the floor. Your left foot, that is. Resting it on the brake during normal driving, even slightly, adds to drag.
4) Use air conditioning wisely in hot weather. On a long trip, keeping the windows up and the a/c on is more efficient than not, because it reduces that evil drag, but once the car is chilled, reduce power to the air conditioner. In stop-and-go situations, however, open the windows and use outside air as much as possible.
Shopping
You can't try before you buy, but you can be an informed purchaser.
1) Shop for the best prices. Use websites like gasbuddy.com and gaspricewatch.com to find the best prices near you. Also, consider local and off-brand stations. Their prices can be as much as 10 cents less, per gallon.
2) Use a gas card or rebate credit card, or a store "club card." With prices the same for cash and credit, using a credit card can save you money (by giving a discount) or earn you a few cents a gallon, and if you live in a state where grocery stores have pumps of their own, using their "club cards" can save three or four cents a gallon.
3) Buy the lowest grade you can. Check your owner's manual to find out what is actually recommended. In many cases, it isn't the premium grade. If your vehicle supports the use of E85 fuel, consider using that. Also, note that in some of the Midwestern states the mid-range higher-ethanol fuel is actually less expensive than 87-octane unleaded.
In addition to these ten tips, other ways to save gas, thus saving money are basic common sense tricks: keep your gas cap tight to avoid evaporation; combine trips to stores, preferably finding shopping centers where many goods or services are available in close proximity; consider making a fuel-economy car your next purchase - or even a hybrid vehicle (which don't need to be plugged in, by the way) - and of course, whenever possible, walk.
By following these tips, you may not get to where you're going any faster, but your wallet will suffer less for it.
Muscle Car: Dodge Challenger Concept
The goal of designing the modern Dodge Challenger concept was to capture the essence of the 1970 Challenger icon while removing the idiosyncrasies of the original design. The new Challenger has larger wheels, 20-by-9-inch front and 21-by-10-inch rear, wrapped in 255/40R20 front and 265/45R21 specially made Goodyear tires that are placed further out from under the car. The car body is thicker with lower profile "greenhouse" more the trademark of today's Chrysler sedans, such as the 300C and the Charger. The paint color is a loose interpretation of the original Hemi Orange.
Challenger Performance
The 425-hp, 6.1-liter V8 that the Challenger Concept borrowed from a Dodge Charger SRT-8 is treated to Hemi Orange accents on the valve covers. The Hemi is run through a six-speed manual transmission, capable of 0-60 mph in 4.5 seconds, runs the quarter-mile in 13 seconds and quickly reaches a top speed of 174 mph.
Challenger Interior
Interior features that capture the essence of the '70 Challenger include the pistol-grip shifter, the inline gauges, and the three-spoke steering wheel. The gauge cluster, aligned like cylinders in an engine block, revisit the Mopar performance feel.
Consensus is that this is one concept car that will be a hands down winner as a production model. Leaks have been disseminated that the Challenger has the green light for production in 2008.
Muscle Car: Chevy Camaro Concept
Camaro Concept appeared at the 2006 Detroit Auto Show in January. The car is set for production as a 2009 model, sources say. The Camaro concept's design is based on the classic 1969 Camaro.
The Camaro concept has a particularly mean, aggressive look with high flared fenders and tumescent hood. Large wheels (the front wheels are 21 inches in diameter and the back wheels are 22 inches), exposed high-performance brakes, and prominent fender shapes add to the "muscle car" theme.
Camaro Performance
Under the hood, the concept Camaro shares a 400-hp 7.0 LS7 V8 aluminum-block V8 engine engine with the Chevrolet Corvette C6 race car. Peak output is 505 hp (377 kW) at 6300 rpm and 470 ft-lb at 4800 rpm with a 7000 rpm redline.
Camaro aficionados and machine heads in general are enthusiastically waiting for the arrival of the Camaro in 2009. It represents long overdo homage to a classic whose legacy has been reincarnated. Fans have thus far had to visit their favorite auto show to catch a glimpse of the Challenger and Camaro concept cars.
J. Prinz
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